Deprecated: Return type of WP_Theme::offsetExists($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-theme.php on line 554

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Theme::offsetGet($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-theme.php on line 595

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Theme::offsetSet($offset, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-theme.php on line 535

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Theme::offsetUnset($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-theme.php on line 544

Deprecated: Return type of WP_REST_Request::offsetExists($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-request.php on line 952

Deprecated: Return type of WP_REST_Request::offsetGet($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-request.php on line 972

Deprecated: Return type of WP_REST_Request::offsetSet($offset, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-request.php on line 984

Deprecated: Return type of WP_REST_Request::offsetUnset($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/rest-api/class-wp-rest-request.php on line 995

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Block_List::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-block-list.php on line 151

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Block_List::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-block-list.php on line 175

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Block_List::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-block-list.php on line 164

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Block_List::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-block-list.php on line 186

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Block_List::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-block-list.php on line 138

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Block_List::offsetExists($index) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-block-list.php on line 75

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Block_List::offsetGet($index) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-block-list.php on line 89

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Block_List::offsetSet($index, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-block-list.php on line 110

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Block_List::offsetUnset($index) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-block-list.php on line 127

Deprecated: Return type of WP_Block_List::count() should either be compatible with Countable::count(): int, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp-block-list.php on line 199

Deprecated: DateTime::__construct(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($datetime) of type string is deprecated in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/script-loader.php on line 331

Deprecated: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /srv/data/web/vhosts/www.echographe.com/htdocs/wp-includes/class-wp.php on line 173
Echographe.com » Comprendre les ultrasons

Comprendre les ultrasons

Comme toutes les ondes sonores, les ultrasons sont des ondes mécaniques qui exercent une pression sur les particules du milieu environnant. Ces pressions se propagent ou reviennent à l’envoyeur avec de précieuses informations !

[wpseo_breadcrumb]

Sons ou ultrasons ?

Les ondes identifiables par nos oreilles, que l’on appelle tout simplement son, ont une fréquence comprise entre 20 Hz pour les plus graves et 20 000 Hz pour les plus aigües. On parle d’ultrasons quand la fréquence des ondes dépasse ce seuil : entre 20 000 Hz et 10 000 000 HZ. Si l’humain ne peut les entendre, les ultrasons sont tout de même perceptibles par certains animaux. D’ailleurs les ondes à haute fréquence sont fréquemment utilisées comme répulsif (chats, chiens, rongeurs, souris, oiseaux…).


Comment produire des ultrasons ?

S’il est naturel pour certains animaux de produire des ultrasons (la chauve-souris, le dauphin…), l’homme a mis au point des dispositifs permettant de générer des ultrasons à partir de l’énergie électrique :


Quelles sont les principales applications des ultrasons ?

Les ultrasons focalisés de haute densité (HIFU) permettent d’atteindre des organes profonds sans nécessité d’incision (certains cancers du foie, de la prostate, fibromes utérins, glaucomes…). La lithotripsie est une technique qui utilise les ultrasons pour créer une accumulation de bulles de gaz faisant imploser les calculs rénaux et biliaires. Sur le même principe, la pharmaco-émulsification aide au traitement de la cataracte.

Toutes ces techniques représentent un certain nombre d’avantages :

 « En médecine, les applications des ultrasons sont principalement en cancérologie, en cardio-vasculaire et en neurosciences. »

En recherche, l’étude des ondes et de leurs applications met en lien des physiciens et des médecins. De cette rencontre, née un moteur fantastique dans l’histoire de la médecine ! 

Les perspectives sont nombreuses, dont celle de détecter les pathologies le plus précocement possible, comme c’est le cas avec l’échoscopie, ou encore l’échoscopie en médecine générale.